What Is Value Investing?

Value investing is an approach to investing based on a simple philosophy: Investors can realize tremendous gains by purchasing securities that trade well below their intrinsic value. In his famous book The Intelligent Investor (1949), 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:Benjamin Graham—the godfather of value investing—explained to investors that "a stock is not just a ticker symbol or an electronic blip; it is an ownership interest in an actual business, with an underlying value that does not depend on its share price."

Graham's investment philosophy has helped many of his disciples get rich. His most well-known follower, 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:Warren Buffett, is, as of August 2024, the world's seventh-wealthiest man with a net worth of more than $135.8 billion.

But Buffett is not the only investor who has benefited tremendously from adopting Graham's approach to investing. Below are five 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:value investors who aren't very well-known, despite having an impeccable track record for beat🔥ing the market year after year: Michael Chin-Lee, David Abrams, Mohnish Pabrai, Allan Mecham, and Tom Gayner.

1. Michael Lee-Chin

Born in 1951 in Jamaica, Michael Lee-Chin is one of Canada’s most benevolent 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:billionaires. After finishing high school, Lee-Chin migrated to Canada to study civil engineering. Then, during his post-graduate studies, he began exploring job opportunities in the 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:mutual fund sector and became a financial advisor.

As Lee-Chin weꦗnt door-to-door trying to convince households to purchase mutual funds, he developed an obsession with discovering an invariable formula that he could use to make clients wealthy—and himself, too.

Years later, he found that formula and codified it into five characteristics shared among w❀ealthy investors:

1. They own a concentrated portfolio of high-quality businesses.
2. They understand the businesses in their portfolio.
3. They use other people’s money prudently to create their wealth.
4. They ensure that their businesses are in industries with strong, long-term growth.
5. They hold their businesses for the long term.

Armed with these five laws, Lee-Chin borrowed half a million dollars and invested it in only one company. Four years later, the value of his shares increased sevenfold. He sold those shares and used the profit to acquire a small mutual fund company that he grew from $800,000 in 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:assets under management (AUM) to more than $15 billion before he sold the company to Manulife Financial (MFC).

Today Lee-Chin is the chair of Portland Holdings, a company that owns a diverse collection of businesses throughout the Caribbean and North America. His mantra is “buy, hold, and prosper." As of August 2024, his net worth is $1.2 billion.

2. David Abrams

With very little in marketing and fundraising campaigns, David Abrams has built a 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:hedge fund with just under $10 billion worth of assets under management. As the head of Boston-based Abrams Capital Management, founded in 1999, Abrams has performed better than most fund managers by realizing an annualized net return of 15% for investors in the fund's first 15 years. Abrams fund is unlevered—it doesn't invest with borrowed (leveraged) funds—and it maintains a lot of cash on hand.

A look into Abrams Capital's August 2024 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:SEC Form 13-F filing reveals that the firm held a very concentrated portfolio with large stakes in each of its holdings. In August 2024, Abrams's largest holdings in terms of value were Loar Holdings, Lithia Motors, Asbury Automotive Group, Alphabet, and Meta.

3. Mohnish Pabrai

Well-known for spending more than $650,000 for the opportunity to have lunch with Warren Buffett, Mohnish Pabrai follows the value investing dogma to a T. According to Forbes, Pabrai "has no interest in a company that looks 10% undervalued. He is angling to make five times his money in a few years. If he doesn't think the opportunity is blindingly obvious, he passes."

After selling his IT business for $6 million in 2000, Pabrai launched Pabrai Investment Funds, an investment firm modeled after Buffett's investment partnerships. His "heads I win, tails I don't lose much" approach to investing is working. His portfolio concentrates on India and 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:emerging nations, as he doesn't find many mispriced or undervalued stocks in the U.S. market. If someone invested $100,000 in July 1999 with Pabrai, that investment would have grown to $1.8 million by March 2018.

4. Allan Mecham

Allan Mecham is not your typical hedge fund manager. He lives far from Wall﷽ Street in Salt Lake City, Utah and is a college dropout: He left university to start Arlington Value Capital Management.

Mecham ran the fund from 1999 to 2020 and delivered monster returns, earning him the nickname "the 400% man." In March 2017, Mecham reported the AVM Ranger fund ended 2016 with a 29.1% gain (before fees) versus 12% for the S&P 500. Over 8.5 years, the fund had compounded at 30.7% per year.

Mecham, who retired in 2020, executed a value investing strategy for his clients. He was known for making few trades, holding a relatively small number of stocks, and spending most of his time reading companies' annual reports. Two of his favorite holdings were Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway and Cimpress.

5. Tom Gayner

As chief executive officer of the Markel Corporation, a reinsurance business that has a similar business model to Berkshire Hathaway, Tom Gayner is in charge of investing activities for Markel, including managing its float. The float is the funds provided by policyholders that are held prior to Markel's insurance subsidies making claim payments.

After 56 years as a private company, Markel went public in 1986. Gayner joined the company in 1990 after working for Davenport & Co. and as a certified public accountant for PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC). Before becoming chief executive officer in 2023, Gayner served as co-CEO and chief investment officer.

In 1986, Markel's total operating revenues were just $33.3 million, and total assets were $57 million. In contrast, in 2023, those annual numbers had jumped to $15.8 billion in operating revenues and $55 billion in total assets.

Gayner's strategy is to allocate funds into a large portfolio of businesses that are undervalued by the market. He values companies with good management first and foremost, favoring 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:large-cap, global ventures.

The Bottom Line

Warren Buffett is not the only 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:value investor that the🐽 market has rewarded. Many investors have benefited from faithfully executing Benjamin Graham’s strategy of selecting stocks that trade for less than their intrinsic values.