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Time Arbitrage: What It Is, How It Works

A worried investor on the phone with their broker trying to stop an order to sell holdings based on a price drop after an earnings report.

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Definition
Time arbitrage is a trading strategy that capitalizes on short-term stock price declines, due to, e.g., temporary negative news or earnings misses, that don't reflect long-term fundamentals.

What Is Time Arbitrage?

Time arbitrage refers to an opportunity created when a stock misses its mark and is sold based on a short-term outlook with little change in the long-term prospects of the company. This dip in stock price occurs when a company fails to meet earnings estimates by analysts or its guidance, resulting in a short-term stumble where the price of the stock decreases. Investors like Warren Buffett and 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:Peter Lynch have used time arbitrage to increase their chances of outperforming the m🦩arket.

Key Takeaways

  • Time arbitrage is a trading strategy that seeks to take advantage of short-term price changes that do not correspond with a longer term outlook.
  • Such an opportunity may arise if rumors are spread or news headline propagate that impact the price immediately, but which do not alter the fundamentals of the investment in any meaningful way.
  • A key strategy for value investors, time arbitrage can be enhanced with the use of options or other derivatives contracts.

How Time Arbitrage Works

Time arbitrage is a long-term 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:value investor's best friend. There are numerous examples of time arbitrage, but the regularity of earnings releases and guidance updates provides an endless stream of opportunities for 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:Mr. Market to overreꦯact to marginally negative news. Generally speaking, single misses do not mean a company is in trouble, and there is often a good chance of a rebound long term. However, if the misses become habitual, time arbitrage may actually be a losing proposition.

The key is to have a good understanding of the company underlying the stock and its fundamentals. This will allow you to sort out the temporary dips that come from the market reaction from the actual devaluations that are caused by an erosion of the company's core businesses.  

Time Arbitrage as an Options Strategy

Essentially, time arbitrage is another version of the old advice, "buy on bad news, sell on good." Buying a well researched stock on a dip is an excellent strategy as even the mega-cap stocks see significant swings in value throughout the year even though their five year trajectory is a stable increase in price. Buying on the dip is a straightforward way to get into a stock you want to own long-term.

There are, however, other ways to make a time arbitrage play. One of the more interesting ones is to 澳洲幸运5官方开奖结果体彩网:use optionsไ to buy a stock on a dip or profit when it fails to dip. An investo🎶r identifies stocks that he intends to own long-term. Then he sells a put on the stock. If the stock doesn't dip, meaning it continues to go up in value or stay above the strike price, the investor gets to keep the put premium and doesn't end up owning shares. If the stock dips to the strike price, the investor buys the stock at an even lower effective price as the option premium collected to date offsets some of the purchase cost. The risk, of course, is that the stock fallsꦇ far below the strike price, meaning that the investor ends up paying above market prices to buy the shares of the company he wants to own.  

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